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So far most reliable Power
Generation and cheapest source of power is Nuclear Power. A Decentralized
model is very effective in solving Power problems in a Country having large
Geographical area. This decentralized model has been worked out by Recom and
model is very suitable for USA, South America, India and China. Model design
based on creating Generation Capacity in vicinity of Distribution nodes.
This cuts down the transmission and distribution losses
considerably.
Nuclear Power in India
• India has a flourishing and largely indigenous nuclear power
program and expects to have 20,000 MWe nuclear capacity on line
by 2020.
• Because India is outside the Nuclear non-Proliferation Treaty,
due to its weapons program, it is largely excluded from trade in
nuclear plant or materials, which has hampered its development
of civil nuclear energy.
• Because of its relative isolation in international trade and
lack of indigenous uranium, India has uniquely been developing a
nuclear fuel cycle exploiting its reserves of thorium.
Electricity demand in India has been increasing rapidly, and the
534 billion kilowatt hours produced in 2002 was almost double
the 1990 output, though still representing only 505 kWh per
capita for the year. This per capita figure is expected to
almost triple by 2020, with 6.3% annual growth. Coal provides
over half of the electricity at present, but reserves are
limited.
Japan's
dependence on nuclear power to meet its energy needs stems from
some of Japan's obvious drawbacks. Being the resource-destitute
country that it is, the nation must rely on imports for about 80
percent of its primary energy requirements . Yet, as two oil
crises have so painfully demonstrated in the past, reliance on
one particular energy source can greatly undermine stability
with regard to energy supplies. Nuclear power, therefore,
provides energy source diversity to enhance the nations energy
security.
Nuclear energy is also particularly attractive to Japan because
it is environmentally friendly. Contrary to coal-fired and
oil-fired generators, nuclear plants produce no harmful
emissions, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx)
and carbon dioxide (CO2), all believed of
contributing to environmental pollution. Another attraction is
that the supply and price of uranium is relatively stable.
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Over half of the
world's production of uranium from mines is from Canada,
Australia and Kazakhstan.
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An increasing
proportion is produced by in situ leaching.
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After a decade of falling mine production to 1993, output
has generally risen since then and now comprises 61% of
demand for power generation.
Canada produces the largest share of uranium from
mines (25% of world supply from mines), followed by Australia
(19%) and Kazakhstan (13%). Australian and Canadian production
was depressed in 2006 due to particular problems.
Nuclear Power in China
• Mainland China has nine nuclear power reactors in commercial
operation, a further two units grid connected, four more under
construction, and at least four more about to start construction
in 2007.
• Additional reactors are planned, including some of the world's
most advanced, to give a fivefold increase in nuclear capacity
to 40 GWe by 2020 and then a further three to fourfold increase
to 120-160 GWe by 2030.
• The country aims to become self-sufficient in reactor design
and construction, as well as other aspects of the fuel cycle.
• Electricity demand is growing very rapidly.
• Mainland China is starting to rely heavily on imported uranium
to fuel its nuclear power program.
• On Taiwan six nuclear power reactors operate and two advanced
reactors are under construction.
India needs to invest
close to $2,000 billion in the power sector (including T&D) in the coming
few decades to meet future electricity needs.
The installed generation capacity has grown from 1,362 MW in 1947 to 144,564
MW as on 31.05.2008. The overall gross generation was 704.45 billion units
in 2007-08. The Plant Load Factor (PLF) from thermal power plants has
reached 79.49% in 2007-08. Despite such growth, the peak electricity supply
fell short by 16.6% and there was an overall shortage of 9.9% in supply
during 2007-08. Per capita consumption of electricity is still about 704 kWh
per annum – much lower than the world average of approximately 2,500 kWh and
even China’s 1,800 kWh. Various initiatives, such as Ultra Mega Power
Projects , to facilitate setting up of new power plants through government
and private participation. There are plans to add about 78,700 MW of
generation capacity during the 11th Five Year Plan (2007-12) from various
sources including coal, gas, hydro, nuclear and renewable.
If interested send us an email to get
detailed report on Indian Power Sector:
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